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Does going to university in a different country affect your mental health? A Japanese international university surveyed its students in 2018 and published a study the following year that was approved by several ethical and regulatory boards.

The study found that international students have a higher risk of mental health difficulties than the general population, and that social connectedness (belonging to a social group) and acculturative stress (stress associated with joining a new culture) are predictive of depression.

Explore the students data using PostgreSQL to find out if you would come to a similar conclusion for international students and see if the length of stay is a contributing factor.

Here is a data description of the columns you may find helpful.

Field NameDescription
inter_domTypes of students (international or domestic)
japanese_cateJapanese language proficiency
english_cateEnglish language proficiency
academicCurrent academic level (undergraduate or graduate)
ageCurrent age of student
stayCurrent length of stay in years
todepTotal score of depression (PHQ-9 test)
toscTotal score of social connectedness (SCS test)
toasTotal score of acculturative stress (ASISS test)
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DataFrameas
students
variable
-- Run this code to save the CSV file as students
SELECT * 
FROM 'students.csv';

Exploratory Data Analysis

Depression

Doing the analysis of the depression levels of international students from the results of the PHQ-99 depression test.

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DataFrameas
phq_summary
variable
-- Start coding here...
SELECT inter_dom,
	MIN(todep) AS min_phq,
	MAX(todep) AS max_phq,
	ROUND(AVG(todep), 2) AS avg_phq
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom IS NOT null
GROUP BY inter_dom;

Social Connections

Doing the analysis of the results of social connectedness (SCS) test.

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DataFrameas
scs_summary
variable
SELECT inter_dom,
	MIN(tosc) AS min_scs,
	MAX(tosc) AS max_scs,
	ROUND(AVG(tosc), 2) AS avg_scs
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom IS NOT null
GROUP BY inter_dom;

Acculturative Stress

Doing the analysis of the results of acculturative stress (ASISS) test.

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DataFrameas
as_summary
variable
SELECT inter_dom,
	MIN(toas) AS min_as,
	MAX(toas) AS max_as,
	ROUND(AVG(toas), 2) AS avg_as
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom IS NOT null
GROUP BY inter_dom;

Length of stay

Exploring the lenght of stay of international students

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DataFrameas
stay_summary
variable
SELECT stay_cate, stay,
	COUNT(stay) AS count_stay,
	ROUND(AVG(stay), 2) AS avg_stay
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom = 'Inter'
AND inter_dom IS NOT null
GROUP BY stay_cate, stay
ORDER BY stay_cate, stay DESC;

Analysis Results

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DataFrameas
df
variable
SELECT stay,
	COUNT(inter_dom) AS count_int,
	ROUND(AVG(todep), 2) AS average_phq,
	ROUND(AVG(tosc), 2) AS average_scs,
	ROUND(AVG(toas), 2) AS average_as
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom = 'Inter'
AND inter_dom IS NOT null
GROUP BY stay
ORDER BY stay DESC
LIMIT 9;
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DataFrameas
comparison_summary
variable
SELECT inter_dom, stay_cate,
	COUNT(inter_dom) AS count_int,
	ROUND(AVG(todep), 2) AS average_phq,
	ROUND(AVG(tosc), 2) AS average_scs,
	ROUND(AVG(toas), 2) AS average_as
FROM students
WHERE inter_dom IS NOT null
GROUP BY inter_dom, stay_cate
ORDER BY inter_dom, stay_cate;