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Beth Robertson - Bee friendly plants
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  • Which plants are better for bees: native or non-native?

    📖 Background

    You work for the local government environment agency and have taken on a project about creating pollinator bee-friendly spaces. You can use both native and non-native plants to create these spaces and therefore need to ensure that you use the correct plants to optimize the environment for these bees.

    The team has collected data on native and non-native plants and their effects on pollinator bees. Your task will be to analyze this data and provide recommendations on which plants create an optimized environment for pollinator bees.

    💾 The Data

    You have assembled information on the plants and bees research in a file called plants_and_bees.csv. Each row represents a sample that was taken from a patch of land where the plant species were being studied.

    ColumnDescription
    sample_idThe ID number of the sample taken.
    bees_numThe total number of bee individuals in the sample.
    dateDate the sample was taken.
    seasonSeason during sample collection ("early.season" or "late.season").
    siteName of collection site.
    native_or_nonWhether the sample was from a native or non-native plot.
    samplingThe sampling method.
    plant_speciesThe name of the plant species the sample was taken from. None indicates the sample was taken from the air.
    timeThe time the sample was taken.
    bee_speciesThe bee species in the sample.
    sexThe gender of the bee species.
    specialized_onThe plant genus the bee species preferred.
    parasiticWhether or not the bee is parasitic (0:no, 1:yes).
    nestingThe bees nesting method.
    statusThe status of the bee species.
    nonnative_beeWhether the bee species is native or not (0:no, 1:yes).

    Source (data has been modified)

    💪 Challenge

    Provide your agency with a report that covers the following:

    • Which plants are preferred by native vs non-native bee species?
    • A visualization of the distribution of bee and plant species across one of the samples.
    • Select the top three plant species you would recommend to the agency to support native bees.

    Executive Summary This analysis was conducted to determine the types of plant species that would be helpful to cultivate in order to create an optimal environment for native pollinator bees.

    There are only two plants that were preferred by native pollinator bees: Daucus carota (Queen Anne's lace or Wild Carrot) and Trifolium incarnatum (Crimson clover).

    The code below generates the findings of the analysis of which plants are better for native bees. Most of the bees studied were non-native species.

    import pandas as pd
    
    data['date'] = pd.to_datetime(data['date'])
    
    data
    
    data.describe()
    from pandas import to_datetime
    
    data.date = to_datetime(data['date'])
    data.info()
    # Count of nonnative_bees = 0
    count_0 = data[data['nonnative_bee'] == 0]['nonnative_bee'].count()
    
    # Count of nonnative_bees = 1
    count_1 = data[data['nonnative_bee'] == 1]['nonnative_bee'].count()
    
    print('Count of nonnative_bees = 0:', count_0)
    print('Count of nonnative_bees = 1:', count_1)
    # Group by bee_species
    result = data.groupby('bee_species')['nonnative_bee'].nunique()
    
    # List bee_species where nonnative_bees is null
    bee_species_null = data[data['nonnative_bee'].isnull()]['bee_species'].unique()
    bee_species_null
    
    [13]
    # Calculate the ratio of nonnative_bees = 0 to nonnative_bees = 1
    ratio = data[data['nonnative_bee'] == 0]['nonnative_bee'].count() / data[data['nonnative_bee'] == 1]['nonnative_bee'].count()
    ratio
    
    top_10_plants_nonnative = data[data['nonnative_bee'] == 0]['plant_species'].value_counts().drop('None').head(10)
    top_10_plants_nonnative
    top_10_plants_native = data[data['nonnative_bee'] == 1]['plant_species'].value_counts().drop('None').head(10)
    top_10_plants_native
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