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Does going to university in a different country affect your mental health? A Japanese international university surveyed its students in 2018 and published a study the following year that was approved by several ethical and regulatory boards.

The study found that international students have a higher risk of mental health difficulties than the general population, and that social connectedness (belonging to a social group) and acculturative stress (stress associated with joining a new culture) are predictive of depression.

Explore the students data using PostgreSQL to find out if you would come to a similar conclusion for international students and see if the length of stay is a contributing factor.

Here is a data description of the columns you may find helpful.

Field NameDescription
inter_domTypes of students (international or domestic)
japanese_cateJapanese language proficiency
english_cateEnglish language proficiency
academicCurrent academic level (undergraduate or graduate)
ageCurrent age of student
stayCurrent length of stay in years
todepTotal score of depression (PHQ-9 test)
toscTotal score of social connectedness (SCS test)
toasTotal score of acculturative stress (ASISS test)
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DataFrameas
df2
variable
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DataFrameas
df
variable
SELECT inter_dom, COUNT(*) AS student_count
FROM students
GROUP BY inter_dom;
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DataFrameas
df1
variable
SELECT inter_dom, AVG(todep) AS avg_depression_score
FROM students
GROUP BY inter_dom;
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DataFrameas
df3
variable
SELECT CORR(todep, tosc) AS depression_social_corr, 
       CORR(todep, toas) AS depression_stress_corr
FROM students;
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DataFrameas
df4
variable
SELECT CORR(stay, todep) AS stay_depression_corr
FROM students;
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DataFrameas
df5
variable
SELECT CASE 
           WHEN stay < 1 THEN 'Less than 1 year'
           WHEN stay BETWEEN 1 AND 3 THEN '1-3 years'
           WHEN stay BETWEEN 4 AND 6 THEN '4-6 years'
           ELSE 'More than 6 years'
       END AS stay_category,
       AVG(todep) AS avg_depression_score
FROM students
GROUP BY stay_category
ORDER BY avg_depression_score DESC;
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DataFrameas
df
variable
SELECT 
    stay,
    COUNT(*) AS count_int,
    ROUND(AVG(todep), 2) AS average_phq,
    ROUND(AVG(tosc), 2) AS average_scs,
    ROUND(AVG(toas), 2) AS average_as
FROM 
    students
WHERE 
    LOWER(inter_dom) = 'International'  -- Case-insensitive comparison
GROUP BY 
    stay
ORDER BY 
    stay DESC;