Python is a general-purpose programming language that is becoming ever more popular for data science. Companies worldwide are using Python to harvest insights from their data and gain a competitive edge. Unlike other Python tutorials, this course focuses on Python specifically for data science. In our Introduction to Python course, you’ll learn about powerful ways to store and manipulate data, and helpful data science tools to begin conducting your own analyses. Start DataCamp’s online Python curriculum now.

Master the basics of data analysis in Python. Expand your skillset by learning scientific computing with NumPy.

Discover how to use Python for data science, learning about the ways to store and manipulate data in the environment to begin conducting your own analyses.

Introduction to Python

The role of a data scientist is to turn raw data into actionable insights. Much of the world's raw data—from electronic medical records to customer transaction histories—lives in organized collections of tables called relational databases. To be an effective data scientist, you must know how to wrangle and extract data from these databases using a language called SQL . This course teaches syntax in SQL shared by many types of databases, such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, and Oracle. This course teaches you everything you need to know to begin working with databases today!

Master the basics of querying tables in relational databases such as MySQL, SQL Server, and PostgreSQL.

Learn the basics of syntax in SQL, how to extract and wrangle data, and use querying tables in relational databases like MySQL, SQL Server, and PostgreSQL.

Introduction to SQL

In this introduction to R course, you'll master the basics of this widely used open source language&mdash;including vectors, factors, lists, and data frames. With the coding skills you'll gain in this course, you'll be ready to undertake your own data analysis in R. There are millions of R users worldwide, cementing it as a leading programming language in statistics and data science. More and more organizations are using R, so begin your coding journey in one of DataCamp's most popular courses today!

Master the basics of data analysis by manipulating common data structures such as vectors, matrices, and data frames.

DataCamp's Into to R training course teaches you how to use R programming for data science at your own pace with video tutorials & interactive challenges.

Introduction to R Online

Introduction to R

Learning Python is crucial for any aspiring data science practitioner. Learn to visualize real data with Matplotlib's functions and get acquainted with data structures such as the dictionary and the pandas DataFrame. After covering key concepts such as boolean logic, control flow, and loops in Python, you'll be ready to blend together everything you've learned to solve a case study using hacker statistics.

Level up your data science skills by creating visualizations using Matplotlib and manipulating DataFrames with pandas.

In this intermediate Python course, learn to visualize real data with Matplotlib's functions and get to know new data structures such as the pandas DataFrame.

Intermediate Python

Now that you've learned the basics of SQL in our <a href="https://learn.datacamp.com/courses/introduction-to-sql">Introduction to SQL</a> course,  it's time to supercharge your queries using joins and relational set theory. In this course, you'll learn all about the power of joining tables while exploring interesting features of countries and their cities throughout the world. You will master inner and outer joins, as well as self joins, semi joins, anti joins and cross joins—fundamental tools in any PostgreSQL wizard's toolbox. Never fear set theory again after learning all about unions, intersections, and except clauses through easy-to-understand diagrams and examples. Lastly, you'll be introduced to the challenging topic of subqueries. You will be able to visually grasp these ideas by using Venn diagrams and other linking illustrations.

Join two or three tables together into one, combine tables using set theory, and work with subqueries in PostgreSQL.

Discover all the fundamental in PostgreSQL, like inner, outer self, semi, anti, and cross joins, as well as unions, intersections, and except clauses.

Joining Data in SQL

Machine learning is the field that teaches machines and computers to learn from existing data to make predictions on new data: Will a tumor be benign or malignant? Which of your customers will take their business elsewhere? Is a particular email spam? In this course, you'll learn how to use Python to perform supervised learning, an essential component of machine learning. You'll learn how to build predictive models, tune their parameters, and determine how well they will perform with unseen data—all while using real world datasets. You'll be using scikit-learn, one of the most popular and user-friendly machine learning libraries for Python.

Learn how to build and tune predictive models and evaluate how well they'll perform on unseen data.

Supervised Learning with scikit-learn

So you've learned how to aggregate and join data from tables in your database—now what? How do you manipulate, transform, and make the most sense of your data? This intermediate-level course will teach you several key functions necessary to wrangle, filter, and categorize information in a relational database, expand your SQL toolkit, and answer complex questions. You will learn the robust use of CASE statements, subqueries, and window functions—all while discovering some interesting facts about soccer using the European Soccer Database.

Master the complex SQL queries necessary to answer a wide variety of data science questions and prepare robust data sets for analysis in PostgreSQL.

Intermediate SQL

Intermediate R is the next stop on your journey in mastering the R programming language. In this R training, you will learn about conditional statements, loops, and functions to power your own R scripts. Next, make your R code more efficient and readable using the apply functions. Finally, the utilities chapter gets you up to speed with regular expressions in R, data structure manipulations, and times and dates. This course will allow you to take the next step in advancing your overall knowledge and capabilities while programming in R.

Continue your journey to becoming an R ninja by learning about conditional statements, loops, and vector functions.

Discover conditional statements, loops, and functions to power your own R scripts, and learn to make your R code more efficient using the apply functions.

Intermediate R

It's time to push forward and develop your Python chops even further. There are tons of fantastic functions in Python and its library ecosystem. However, as a data scientist, you'll constantly need to write your own functions to solve problems that are dictated by your data. You will learn the art of function writing in this first Python Data Science Toolbox course. You'll come out of this course being able to write your very own custom functions, complete with multiple parameters and multiple return values, along with default arguments and variable-length arguments. You'll gain insight into scoping in Python and be able to write lambda functions and handle errors in your function writing practice. And you'll wrap up each chapter by using your new skills to write functions that analyze Twitter DataFrames.

Learn the art of writing your own functions in Python, as well as key concepts like scoping and error handling.

Python Data Science Toolbox (Part 1)

In this second Python Data Science Toolbox course, you'll continue to build your Python data science skills. First, you'll learn about iterators, objects you have already encountered in the context of for loops. You'll then learn about list comprehensions, which are extremely handy tools for all data scientists working in Python. You'll end the course by working through a case study in which you'll apply all the techniques you learned in both parts of this course.

Continue to build your modern Data Science skills by learning about iterators and list comprehensions.

Python Data Science Toolbox (Part 2)

As a data scientist, you will need to clean data, wrangle and munge it, visualize it, build predictive models, and interpret these models. Before you can do so, however, you will need to know how to get data into Python. In this course, you'll learn the many ways to import data into Python: from flat files such as .txt and .csv; from files native to other software such as Excel spreadsheets, Stata, SAS, and MATLAB files; and from relational databases such as SQLite and PostgreSQL.

Learn to import data into Python from various sources, such as Excel, SQL, SAS and right from the web.

You'll learn the many ways to read data into Python: from flat files such as CSVs to Excel spreadsheets and relational databases in SQLite & PostgreSQL.

Introduction to Importing Data in Python

Deep learning is the machine learning technique behind the most exciting capabilities in diverse areas like robotics, natural language processing, image recognition, and artificial intelligence, including the famous AlphaGo. In this course, you'll gain hands-on, practical knowledge of how to use deep learning with Keras 2.0, the latest version of a cutting-edge library for deep learning in Python.

Learn the fundamentals of neural networks and how to build deep learning models using Keras 2.0.

Discover how you can use deep learning to run natural language processing, image recognition, and artificial intelligence with Python package, Keras 2.0.

Introduction to Deep Learning in Python

This is an introduction to the programming language R, focused on a powerful set of tools known as the Tidyverse. You'll learn the intertwined processes of data manipulation and visualization using the tools dplyr and ggplot2. You'll learn to manipulate data by filtering, sorting, and summarizing a real dataset of historical country data in order to answer exploratory questions. You'll then learn to turn this processed data into informative line plots, bar plots, histograms, and more with the ggplot2 package. You’ll get a taste of the value of exploratory data analysis and the power of Tidyverse tools. This is a suitable introduction for those who have no previous experience in R and are interested in performing data analysis.

Get started on the path to exploring and visualizing your own data with the tidyverse, a powerful and popular collection of data science tools within R.

Discover the fundamentals of the Tidyverse, and learn all about renaming and reordering variables, while becoming familiar with binomial distribution.

Introduction to the Tidyverse

After all of the hard work of acquiring data and getting them into a form you can work with, you ultimately want to make clear, succinct conclusions from them. This crucial last step of a data analysis pipeline hinges on the principles of statistical inference. In this course, you will start building the foundation you need to think statistically, speak the language of your data, and understand what your data is telling you. The foundations of statistical thinking took decades to build, but can be grasped much faster today with the help of computers. With the power of Python-based tools, you will rapidly get up-to-speed and begin thinking statistically by the end of this course.

Build the foundation you need to think statistically and to speak the language of your data.

Statistical Thinking in Python (Part 1)

As a data scientist, you will need to clean data, wrangle and munge it, visualize it, build predictive models and interpret these models. Before you can do so, however, you will need to know how to get data into Python. In the prequel to this course, you learned many ways to import data into Python: from flat files such as .txt and .csv; from files native to other software such as Excel spreadsheets, Stata, SAS, and MATLAB files; and from relational databases such as SQLite and PostgreSQL. In this course, you'll extend this knowledge base by learning to import data from the web and by pulling data from Application Programming Interfaces— APIs—such as the Twitter streaming API, which allows us to stream real-time tweets.

Improve your Python data importing skills and learn to work with web and API data.

Learn how to import data into Python from sources like the web and by pulling data from APIs, such as the Twitter streaming API to stream real-time tweets.

Intermediate Importing Data in Python

pandas DataFrames are the most widely used in-memory representation of complex data collections within Python. Whether in finance, a scientific field, or data science, familiarity with pandas is essential. This course teaches you to work with real-world datasets containing both string and numeric data, often structured around time series. You will learn powerful analysis, selection, and visualization techniques in this course.

Learn how to use the industry-standard pandas library to import, build, and manipulate DataFrames.

Pandas Foundations

pandas Foundations

Say you have a collection of customers with a variety of characteristics such as age, location, and financial history, and you wish to discover patterns and sort them into clusters. Or perhaps you have a set of texts, such as Wikipedia pages, and you wish to segment them into categories based on their content. This is the world of unsupervised learning, called as such because you are not guiding, or supervising, the pattern discovery by some prediction task, but instead uncovering hidden structure from unlabeled data. Unsupervised learning encompasses a variety of techniques in machine learning, from clustering to dimension reduction to matrix factorization. In this course, you'll learn the fundamentals of unsupervised learning and implement the essential algorithms using scikit-learn and SciPy. You will learn how to cluster, transform, visualize, and extract insights from unlabeled datasets, and end the course by building a recommender system to recommend popular musical artists.

Learn how to cluster, transform, visualize, and extract insights from unlabeled datasets using scikit-learn and scipy.

Unsupervised Learning in Python

The financial industry is increasingly adopting Python for general-purpose programming and quantitative analysis, ranging from understanding trading dynamics to risk management systems. This course focuses specifically on introducing Python for financial analysis. Using practical examples, you will learn the fundamentals of Python data structures such as lists and arrays and learn powerful ways to store and manipulate financial data to identify trends.

This course introduces Python for financial analysis.

Learn how to use lists, arrays, and visualization in Python for financial analysis. You'll also get chance to apply techniques to a real-world case study.

Introduction to Python for Finance

Version control is one of the power tools of programming. It allows you to keep track of what you did when, undo any changes you decide you don't want, and collaborate at scale with other people. This course will introduce you to Git, a modern version control tool that is very popular with data scientists and software developers, and show you how to use it to get more done in less time and with less pain.

This course is an introduction to version control with Git for data scientists. 

Discover Git, a popular and modern version control tool for data scientists, and how you can use it work more efficiently, quickly, and with fewer errors.

Introduction to Git

After completing Statistical Thinking in Python (Part 1), you have the probabilistic mindset and foundational hacker stats skills to dive into data sets and extract useful information from them. In this course, you will do just that, expanding and honing your hacker stats toolbox to perform the two key tasks in statistical inference, parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. You will work with real data sets as you learn, culminating with analysis of measurements of the beaks of the Darwin's famous finches. You will emerge from this course with new knowledge and lots of practice under your belt, ready to attack your own inference problems out in the world.

Learn to perform the two key tasks in statistical inference: parameter estimation and hypothesis testing.

Statistical Thinking in Python (Part 2)

A vital component of data science involves acquiring raw data and getting it into a form ready for analysis. It is commonly said that data scientists spend 80% of their time cleaning and manipulating data, and only 20% of their time actually analyzing it. This course will equip you with all the skills you need to clean your data in Python, from learning how to diagnose problems in your data, to dealing with missing values and outliers. At the end of the course, you'll apply all of the techniques you've learned to a case study to clean a real-world Gapminder dataset.

This course will equip you with all the skills you need to clean your data in Python.

Data scientists spend 80% of their time cleaning and manipulating data. This course will equip you with all the skills you need to clean your data in Python.

Cleaning Data in Python

In this course, you'll learn how to leverage pandas' extremely powerful data manipulation engine to get the most out of your data. You’ll learn how to drill into the data that really matters by extracting, filtering, and transforming data from DataFrames. The pandas library has many techniques that make this process efficient and intuitive. You will learn how to tidy, rearrange, and restructure your data by pivoting or melting and stacking or unstacking DataFrames. These are all fundamental next steps on the road to becoming a well-rounded data scientist, and you will have the chance to apply all the concepts you learn to real-world datasets.

You will learn how to tidy, rearrange, and restructure your data using versatile pandas DataFrames.

Manipulating DataFrames with pandas

This course extends your existing Python skills to provide a stronger foundation in data visualization in Python. You’ll get a  broader coverage of the Matplotlib library and an overview of seaborn, a package for statistical graphics. Topics covered include customizing graphics, plotting two-dimensional arrays (like pseudocolor plots, contour plots, and images), statistical graphics (like visualizing distributions and regressions), and working with time series and image data.

Learn complex data visualization techniques using Matplotlib and seaborn.

Introduction to Data Visualization in Python

Data science isn't just for predicting ad-clicks-it's also useful for social impact! This course is a case study from a machine learning competition on DrivenData. You'll explore a problem related to school district budgeting. By building a model to automatically classify items in a school's budget, it makes it easier and faster for schools to compare their spending with other schools. In this course, you'll begin by building a baseline model that is a simple, first-pass approach. In particular, you'll do some natural language processing to prepare the budgets for modeling. Next, you'll have the opportunity to try your own techniques and see how they compare to participants from the competition. Finally, you'll see how the winner was able to combine a number of expert techniques to build the most accurate model.

Learn how to build a model to automatically classify items in a school budget.

This course is a case study from a machine learning competition on DrivenData. Learn how to build a model to automatically classify items in a school budget.

Case Study: School Budgeting with Machine Learning in Python

In this course, you'll learn the basics of using SQL with Python. This will be useful because databases are ubiquitous and data scientists, analysts, and engineers must interact with them constantly. The Python SQL toolkit SQLAlchemy provides an accessible and intuitive way to query, build, and write to essential databases, including SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.

In this course, you'll learn the basics of relational databases and how to interact with them.

Discover the Python SQL toolkit, SQLAlchemy, which provides an accessible way to query, build, and write to databases, like SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.

Introduction to Databases in Python

This course covers the basics of how and when to perform data preprocessing. This essential step in any machine learning project is when you get your data ready for modeling. Between importing and cleaning your data and fitting your machine learning model is when preprocessing comes into play. You'll learn how to standardize your data so that it's in the right form for your model, create new features to best leverage the information in your dataset, and select the best features to improve your model fit. Finally, you'll have some practice preprocessing by getting a dataset on UFO sightings ready for modeling.

In this course you'll learn how to get your cleaned data ready for modeling.

Preprocessing for Machine Learning in Python

As a data scientist, you'll often find that the data you need is not in a single file. It may be spread across a number of text files, spreadsheets, or databases. You’ll want to be able to import the data you’re interested in as a collection of DataFrames and combine them to answer your central questions. This course is all about the act of combining—or merging—DataFrames, an essential part of any data scientist's toolbox. You'll hone your pandas skills by learning how to organize, reshape, and aggregate multiple datasets to answer your specific questions.

This course is all about the act of combining, or merging, DataFrames, an essential part your Data Scientist's toolbox. 

Hone your pandas skills by learning how to organize, reshape, and aggregate multiple data sets to answer your specific questions.

Merging DataFrames with pandas

Take your SQL Server programming to the next level. First, we demystify how to manipulate datetime data by performing temporal exploratory data analysis with the Washington DC BikeShare transactional dataset. Then, you’ll master how to create, update, and execute user-defined functions and stored procedures. You will learn the proper context for each modular programming tool and best practices. In the final chapter, you will apply all of your new skills to solve a real-world business case identifying the New York City yellow taxi utilization for each borough, and which pickup locations should be scheduled for each driver shift.

Master SQL Server programming by learning to create, update, and execute functions and stored procedures.

Writing Functions and Stored Procedures in SQL Server

From online social networks such as Facebook and Twitter to transportation networks such as bike sharing systems, networks are everywhere—and knowing how to analyze them will open up a new world of possibilities for you as a data scientist. This course will equip you with the skills to analyze, visualize, and make sense of networks. You'll apply the concepts you learn to real-world network data using the powerful NetworkX library. With the knowledge gained in this course, you'll develop your network thinking skills and be able to look at your data with a fresh perspective.

This course will equip you with the skills to analyze, visualize, and make sense of networks using the NetworkX library.

Taught by Eric Ma from the Runstadler Lab at MIT, this course will equip you with the skills to analyze and visualize networks such as Facebook and Twitter.

Introduction to Network Analysis in Python

The most successful companies today are the ones that know their customers so well that they can anticipate their needs.
Customer analytics and in particular A/B Testing are crucial parts of
leveraging quantitative know-how to help make business decisions that generate value. This course
 covers the ins and outs of how to use Python to
 analyze customer behavior and business trends as well as how to create, run,
 and analyze A/B tests to make proactive, data-driven business decisions.

Learn how to use Python to create, run, and analyze A/B tests to make proactive business decisions.

Customer Analytics and A/B Testing in Python

Bokeh is an interactive data visualization library for Python—and other languages—that targets modern web browsers for presentation. It can create versatile, data-driven graphics and connect the full power of the entire Python data science stack to create rich, interactive visualizations.

Learn how to create versatile and interactive data visualizations using Bokeh.

Learn to create versatile, data-driven graphics with Bokeh, an interactive data visualization library that targets modern web browsers for presentation. 

Introduction to Data Visualization with Bokeh

Understanding the basic principles of finance is essential for making important financial decisions ranging from taking out a student loan to constructing an investment portfolio. Combining basic financial knowledge with Python will allow you to construct some very powerful tools. You'll come out of this course understanding the time value of money, how to compare potential projects and how to make rational, data-driven financial decisions.

Using Python and NumPy, learn the most fundamental financial concepts. 

Learn about the time value of money, how to compare potential projects, and how to make rational, data-driven, financial decisions with Python and Numpy.

Introduction to Financial Concepts in Python

The most successful companies today are the ones that know their customers so well that they can anticipate their needs. Data analysts play a key role in unlocking these in-depth insights, and segmenting the customers to better serve them. In this course, you will learn real-world techniques on customer segmentation and behavioral analytics, using a real dataset containing anonymized customer transactions from an online retailer. You will first run cohort analysis to understand customer trends. You will then learn how to build easy to interpret customer segments. On top of that, you will prepare the segments you created, making them ready for machine learning. Finally, you will make your segments more powerful with k-means clustering, in just few lines of code! By the end of this course, you will be able to apply practical customer behavioral analytics and segmentation techniques.

Learn how to segment customers in Python.

Learn techniques to segmment your customer data in Python, including behaviour, transaction, and cohort data. You will learn about RFM analysis and more.

Customer Segmentation in Python

Always wanted to compete in a <a href='https://www.kaggle.com/?utm_medium=partner&utm_source=datacamp.com&utm_campaign=datacamp+python' target="_blank">Kaggle</a> competition but not sure you have the right skillset? This interactive tutorial by Kaggle and DataCamp on Machine Learning offers the solution. Step-by-step you will learn through fun coding exercises how to predict survival rate for Kaggle's Titanic competition using Machine Learning techniques. Upload your results and see your ranking go up! <br><br> New to Python? Give our <a href='https://www.datacamp.com/courses/intro-to-python-for-data-science' target="_blank">Introduction to Python for Data Science</a> course a try.

Kaggle Python Tutorial on Machine Learning

A Data Scientist combines statistical and machine learning techniques with Python programming to analyze and interpret complex data.

Learn Data Science with this collection of tutorials covering data manipulation, data visualization, machine learning and more

with Python

Data Scientist 

Learn to import data from various sources, such as Excel, SQL, SAS, and right from the web. From there, learn to efficiently prepare and clean your data so it is ready to by analyzed.

Learn to import data from various sources, such as Excel, SQL, SAS, and right from the web.

Learn to import data from Excel files, SQL databases, SAS, and the web. Clean your data so it is ready for analysis.

Importing & Cleaning Data 

Are you ready to gain the foundational skills you need to become a Python programmer? In this track, you'll learn the Python basics you need to start on your programming journey, including how to clean real-world data ready for analysis, use data visualization libraries, and even how to write your own Python functions.

Your instructor Hugo will introduce you to how companies worldwide use Python to gain a competitive edge. Through hands-on coding exercises you’ll then learn how to store, manipulate, and explore data using NumPy. Then it’s time to level-up as you learn how to visualize your data using Matplotlib, manipulate DataFrames and dictionaries using pandas, and write your own functions and list comprehension. Start this track to add these essential Python skills to your data science toolbox.

Grow your programmer skills. Discover how to manipulate dictionaries and DataFrames, visualize real-world data, and write your own Python functions.

Python Fundamentals

A Data Analyst uses data visualization and manipulation techniques to uncover insights and help organizations make better decisions.

Data Analyst 

A Python Programmer uses their programming skills to wrangle data and build tools for data analysis.

Learn to be a Python developer and use your programming skills to create new analyses and data-oriented projects.

A Python Developer uses their programming skills to wrangle data and build tools for data analysis.

Python Programmer

Learn about fundamental data types, logic, and how to create your own functions using the R language.

R Programming

Importing data into R should be the easiest step in your analysis. Unfortunately, that is almost never the case. Data can come in many formats, ranging from .csv and text files, to statistical software files, to databases and HTML data. Knowing which approach to use is key to getting started with the actual analysis.
In this course, you’ll start by learning how to read .csv and text files in R. You will then cover the readr and data.table packages to easily and efficiently import flat file data. After that, you will learn how to read .xls files in R using readxl and gdata.

In this course, you will learn to read CSV, XLS, and text files in R using tools like readxl and data.table.

Learn to read .xls, .csv, and text files in R using readxl and gdata, before learning how to use readr and data.table packages to import flat file data.

Introduction to Importing Data in R

In this course, you'll learn how to use Spark from Python! Spark is a tool for doing parallel computation with large datasets and it integrates well with Python. PySpark is the Python package that makes the magic happen. You'll use this package to work with data about flights from Portland and Seattle. You'll learn to wrangle this data and build a whole machine learning pipeline to predict whether or not flights will be delayed. Get ready to put some Spark in your Python code and dive into the world of high-performance machine learning!

Learn to implement distributed data management and machine learning in Spark using the PySpark package.

Learn to wrangle data and build a machine learning pipeline to make predictions with  PySpark Python package. Practice your skills with real-world data.

Introduction to PySpark

Now that you have learned the foundations of pandas, this course will give you the chance to apply that knowledge by answering interesting questions about a real dataset! You will explore the Stanford Open Policing Project dataset and analyze the impact of gender on police behavior. During the course, you will gain more practice cleaning messy data, creating visualizations, combining and reshaping datasets, and manipulating time series data. Analyzing Police Activity with pandas will give you valuable experience analyzing a dataset from start to finish, preparing you for your data science career!

Explore the Stanford Open Policing Project dataset and analyze the impact of gender on police behavior using pandas.

Analyzing Police Activity with pandas

Become a master at building complex reports!  In this course, you will apply all the SQL concepts and functions you have learned in previous courses to build out your very own dashboard.  By navigating through an Olympics database, you will become an expert data explorer and learn how to understand novel database quickly and effectively.  Since data is never perfect, you will gain valuable strategies to deal with real-world issues commonly found with SQL, including how to remove data duplication and how to turn messy data into clean, organized reports.  Lastly, you’ll conquer complex calculations using window functions and layered calculations, all within the same report.  This is a perfect class for anyone who will be commonly pulling data from databases and is a great complement for those who use R or Python for data science.

Learn how to build your very own dashboard by applying all the SQL concepts and functions you have learned in previous courses.

Reporting in SQL

Do you want to query complex data structures in an iterative way? Do you have access to hierarchical data structures that need to be queried? This course will teach you the tools required to solve these questions. You will learn how to write recursive queries and query hierarchical data structures. To do this, you will use Common Table Expressions (CTE) and the recursion principle on a wide variety of datasets. You will, for example, dig into a flight plan dataset and learn how to find the best and cheapest connection between two airports. After completing this course, you will understand the principle of recursion, and be able to identify and create hierarchical data models.

Learn how to write recursive queries and query hierarchical data structures.

Learn how to write recursive queries as well as query hierarchical data structures using Common Table Expressions (CTE) and the recursion principle.

Hierarchical and Recursive Queries in SQL Server

A good database design is crucial for a high-performance application. Just like you wouldn't start building a house without the benefit of a blueprint, you need to think about how your data will be stored beforehand. Taking the time to design a database saves time and frustration later on, and a well-designed database ensures ease of access and retrieval of information. While choosing a design, a lot of considerations have to be accounted for. In this course, you'll learn how to process, store, and organize data in an efficient way. You'll see how to structure data through normalization and present your data with views. Finally, you'll learn how to manage your database and all of this will be done on a variety of datasets from book sales, car rentals, to music reviews.

Learn to design databases using star and snoflake schemas, and OLTP and OLAP. You will gain essential skills for creating and managing databases in SQL.

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