Python is a general-purpose programming language that is becoming ever more popular for data science. Companies worldwide are using Python to harvest insights from their data and gain a competitive edge. Unlike other Python tutorials, this course focuses on Python specifically for data science. In our Introduction to Python course, you’ll learn about powerful ways to store and manipulate data, and helpful data science tools to begin conducting your own analyses. Start DataCamp’s online Python curriculum now.

Master the basics of data analysis in Python. Expand your skillset by learning scientific computing with NumPy.

Discover how to use Python for data science, learning about the ways to store and manipulate data in the environment to begin conducting your own analyses.

Introduction to Python

The role of a data scientist is to turn raw data into actionable insights. Much of the world's raw data—from electronic medical records to customer transaction histories—lives in organized collections of tables called relational databases. To be an effective data scientist, you must know how to wrangle and extract data from these databases using a language called SQL . This course teaches syntax in SQL shared by many types of databases, such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, and Oracle. This course teaches you everything you need to know to begin working with databases today!

Master the basics of querying tables in relational databases such as MySQL, SQL Server, and PostgreSQL.

Learn the basics of syntax in SQL, how to extract and wrangle data, and use querying tables in relational databases like MySQL, SQL Server, and PostgreSQL.

Introduction to SQL

Learning Python is crucial for any aspiring data science practitioner. Learn to visualize real data with Matplotlib's functions and get acquainted with data structures such as the dictionary and the pandas DataFrame. After covering key concepts such as boolean logic, control flow, and loops in Python, you'll be ready to blend together everything you've learned to solve a case study using hacker statistics.

Level up your data science skills by creating visualizations using Matplotlib and manipulating DataFrames with pandas.

In this intermediate Python course, learn to visualize real data with Matplotlib's functions and get to know new data structures such as the pandas DataFrame.

Intermediate Python

Now that you've learned the basics of SQL in our <a href="https://learn.datacamp.com/courses/introduction-to-sql">Introduction to SQL</a> course,  it's time to supercharge your queries using joins and relational set theory. In this course, you'll learn all about the power of joining tables while exploring interesting features of countries and their cities throughout the world. You will master inner and outer joins, as well as self joins, semi joins, anti joins and cross joins—fundamental tools in any PostgreSQL wizard's toolbox. Never fear set theory again after learning all about unions, intersections, and except clauses through easy-to-understand diagrams and examples. Lastly, you'll be introduced to the challenging topic of subqueries. You will be able to visually grasp these ideas by using Venn diagrams and other linking illustrations.

Join two or three tables together into one, combine tables using set theory, and work with subqueries in PostgreSQL.

Discover all the fundamental in PostgreSQL, like inner, outer self, semi, anti, and cross joins, as well as unions, intersections, and except clauses.

Joining Data in SQL

Machine learning is the field that teaches machines and computers to learn from existing data to make predictions on new data: Will a tumor be benign or malignant? Which of your customers will take their business elsewhere? Is a particular email spam? In this course, you'll learn how to use Python to perform supervised learning, an essential component of machine learning. You'll learn how to build predictive models, tune their parameters, and determine how well they will perform with unseen data—all while using real world datasets. You'll be using scikit-learn, one of the most popular and user-friendly machine learning libraries for Python.

Learn how to build and tune predictive models and evaluate how well they'll perform on unseen data.

Supervised Learning with scikit-learn

It's time to push forward and develop your Python chops even further. There are tons of fantastic functions in Python and its library ecosystem. However, as a data scientist, you'll constantly need to write your own functions to solve problems that are dictated by your data. You will learn the art of function writing in this first Python Data Science Toolbox course. You'll come out of this course being able to write your very own custom functions, complete with multiple parameters and multiple return values, along with default arguments and variable-length arguments. You'll gain insight into scoping in Python and be able to write lambda functions and handle errors in your function writing practice. And you'll wrap up each chapter by using your new skills to write functions that analyze Twitter DataFrames.

Learn the art of writing your own functions in Python, as well as key concepts like scoping and error handling.

Python Data Science Toolbox (Part 1)

In this second Python Data Science Toolbox course, you'll continue to build your Python data science skills. First, you'll learn about iterators, objects you have already encountered in the context of for loops. You'll then learn about list comprehensions, which are extremely handy tools for all data scientists working in Python. You'll end the course by working through a case study in which you'll apply all the techniques you learned in both parts of this course.

Continue to build your modern Data Science skills by learning about iterators and list comprehensions.

Python Data Science Toolbox (Part 2)

Deep learning is the machine learning technique behind the most exciting capabilities in diverse areas like robotics, natural language processing, image recognition, and artificial intelligence, including the famous AlphaGo. In this course, you'll gain hands-on, practical knowledge of how to use deep learning with Keras 2.0, the latest version of a cutting-edge library for deep learning in Python.

Learn the fundamentals of neural networks and how to build deep learning models using Keras 2.0.

Discover how you can use deep learning to run natural language processing, image recognition, and artificial intelligence with Python package, Keras 2.0.

Introduction to Deep Learning in Python

After all of the hard work of acquiring data and getting them into a form you can work with, you ultimately want to make clear, succinct conclusions from them. This crucial last step of a data analysis pipeline hinges on the principles of statistical inference. In this course, you will start building the foundation you need to think statistically, speak the language of your data, and understand what your data is telling you. The foundations of statistical thinking took decades to build, but can be grasped much faster today with the help of computers. With the power of Python-based tools, you will rapidly get up-to-speed and begin thinking statistically by the end of this course.

Build the foundation you need to think statistically and to speak the language of your data.

Statistical Thinking in Python (Part 1)

pandas DataFrames are the most widely used in-memory representation of complex data collections within Python. Whether in finance, a scientific field, or data science, familiarity with pandas is essential. This course teaches you to work with real-world datasets containing both string and numeric data, often structured around time series. You will learn powerful analysis, selection, and visualization techniques in this course.

Learn how to use the industry-standard pandas library to import, build, and manipulate DataFrames.

Pandas Foundations

pandas Foundations

Say you have a collection of customers with a variety of characteristics such as age, location, and financial history, and you wish to discover patterns and sort them into clusters. Or perhaps you have a set of texts, such as Wikipedia pages, and you wish to segment them into categories based on their content. This is the world of unsupervised learning, called as such because you are not guiding, or supervising, the pattern discovery by some prediction task, but instead uncovering hidden structure from unlabeled data. Unsupervised learning encompasses a variety of techniques in machine learning, from clustering to dimension reduction to matrix factorization. In this course, you'll learn the fundamentals of unsupervised learning and implement the essential algorithms using scikit-learn and SciPy. You will learn how to cluster, transform, visualize, and extract insights from unlabeled datasets, and end the course by building a recommender system to recommend popular musical artists.

Learn how to cluster, transform, visualize, and extract insights from unlabeled datasets using scikit-learn and scipy.

Unsupervised Learning in Python

Decision trees are supervised learning models used for problems involving classification and regression. Tree models present a high flexibility that comes at a price: on one hand, trees are able to capture complex non-linear relationships; on the other hand, they are prone to memorizing the noise present in a dataset. By aggregating the predictions of trees that are trained differently, ensemble methods take advantage of the flexibility of trees while reducing their tendency to memorize noise. Ensemble methods are used across a variety of fields and have a proven track record of winning many machine learning competitions.
In this course, you'll learn how to use Python to train decision trees and tree-based models with the user-friendly scikit-learn machine learning library. You'll understand the advantages and shortcomings of trees and demonstrate how ensembling can alleviate these shortcomings, all while practicing on real-world datasets. Finally, you'll also understand how to tune the most influential hyperparameters in order to get the most out of your models.

In this course, you'll learn how to use tree-based models and ensembles for regression and classification using scikit-learn. 

Machine Learning with Tree-Based Models in Python

After completing Statistical Thinking in Python (Part 1), you have the probabilistic mindset and foundational hacker stats skills to dive into data sets and extract useful information from them. In this course, you will do just that, expanding and honing your hacker stats toolbox to perform the two key tasks in statistical inference, parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. You will work with real data sets as you learn, culminating with analysis of measurements of the beaks of the Darwin's famous finches. You will emerge from this course with new knowledge and lots of practice under your belt, ready to attack your own inference problems out in the world.

Learn to perform the two key tasks in statistical inference: parameter estimation and hypothesis testing.

Statistical Thinking in Python (Part 2)

A vital component of data science involves acquiring raw data and getting it into a form ready for analysis. It is commonly said that data scientists spend 80% of their time cleaning and manipulating data, and only 20% of their time actually analyzing it. This course will equip you with all the skills you need to clean your data in Python, from learning how to diagnose problems in your data, to dealing with missing values and outliers. At the end of the course, you'll apply all of the techniques you've learned to a case study to clean a real-world Gapminder dataset.

This course will equip you with all the skills you need to clean your data in Python.

Data scientists spend 80% of their time cleaning and manipulating data. This course will equip you with all the skills you need to clean your data in Python.

Cleaning Data in Python

You have probably come across Google News, which automatically groups similar news articles under a topic. Have you ever wondered what process runs in the background to arrive at these groups? In this course, you will be introduced to unsupervised learning through clustering using the SciPy library in Python. This course covers pre-processing of data and application of hierarchical and k-means clustering. Through the course, you will explore player statistics from a popular football video game, FIFA 18. After completing the course, you will be able to quickly apply various clustering algorithms on data, visualize the clusters formed and analyze results.

In this course, you will be introduced to unsupervised learning through techniques such as hierarchical and k-means clustering using the SciPy library. 

Cluster Analysis in Python

In this course, you'll learn how to leverage pandas' extremely powerful data manipulation engine to get the most out of your data. You’ll learn how to drill into the data that really matters by extracting, filtering, and transforming data from DataFrames. The pandas library has many techniques that make this process efficient and intuitive. You will learn how to tidy, rearrange, and restructure your data by pivoting or melting and stacking or unstacking DataFrames. These are all fundamental next steps on the road to becoming a well-rounded data scientist, and you will have the chance to apply all the concepts you learn to real-world datasets.

You will learn how to tidy, rearrange, and restructure your data using versatile pandas DataFrames.

Manipulating DataFrames with pandas

This course extends your existing Python skills to provide a stronger foundation in data visualization in Python. You’ll get a  broader coverage of the Matplotlib library and an overview of seaborn, a package for statistical graphics. Topics covered include customizing graphics, plotting two-dimensional arrays (like pseudocolor plots, contour plots, and images), statistical graphics (like visualizing distributions and regressions), and working with time series and image data.

Learn complex data visualization techniques using Matplotlib and seaborn.

Introduction to Data Visualization in Python

Not long ago, cutting-edge computer vision algorithms couldn’t differentiate between images of cats and dogs. Today, a skilled data scientist equipped with nothing more than a laptop can classify tens of thousands of objects with greater accuracy than the human eye. In this course, you will use TensorFlow 2.6 to develop, train, and make predictions with the models that have powered major advances in recommendation systems, image classification, and FinTech. You will learn both high-level APIs, which will enable you to design and train deep learning models in 15 lines of code, and low-level APIs, which will allow you to move beyond off-the-shelf routines. You will also learn to accurately predict housing prices, credit card borrower defaults, and images of sign language gestures.

Learn the fundamentals of neural networks and how to build deep learning models using TensorFlow.

Learn how to use TensorFlow 2.6 and high-level APIs, which enable you to design and train deep learning models and low-level APIs in 15 lines of code.

Introduction to TensorFlow in Python

Images are everywhere! We live in a time where images contain lots of information, which is sometimes difficult to obtain. This is why image pre-processing has become a highly valuable skill, applicable in many use cases. In this course, you will learn to process, transform, and manipulate images at your will, even when they come in thousands. You will also learn to restore damaged images, perform noise reduction, smart-resize images, count the number of dots on a dice, apply facial detection, and much more, using scikit-image. After completing this course, you will be able to apply your knowledge to different domains such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, machine and robotic vision, space and medical image analysis, retailing, and many more. Take the step and dive into the wonderful world that is computer vision!

Learn to process, transform, and manipulate images at your will.

Learn how you can restore damaged images, perform noise reduction, smart-resize images, apply facial detection, and more, using scikit-image in Python.

Image Processing in Python

Machine learning models are easier to implement now more than ever before. Without proper validation, the results of running new data through a model might not be as accurate as expected. Model validation allows analysts to confidently answer the question, how good is your model? We will answer this question for classification models using the complete set of tic-tac-toe endgame scenarios, and for regression models using fivethirtyeight’s ultimate Halloween candy power ranking dataset. In this course, we will cover the basics of model validation, discuss various validation techniques, and begin to develop tools for creating validated and high performing models.

Learn the basics of model validation,  validation techniques, and begin creating validated and high performing models.

Model Validation in Python

This course covers the basics of how and when to perform data preprocessing. This essential step in any machine learning project is when you get your data ready for modeling. Between importing and cleaning your data and fitting your machine learning model is when preprocessing comes into play. You'll learn how to standardize your data so that it's in the right form for your model, create new features to best leverage the information in your dataset, and select the best features to improve your model fit. Finally, you'll have some practice preprocessing by getting a dataset on UFO sightings ready for modeling.

In this course you'll learn how to get your cleaned data ready for modeling.

Preprocessing for Machine Learning in Python

Deep learning is here to stay! It's the go-to technique to solve complex problems that arise with unstructured data and an incredible tool for innovation. Keras is one of the frameworks that make it easier to start developing deep learning models, and it's versatile enough to build industry-ready models in no time. In this course, you will learn regression and save the earth by predicting asteroid trajectories, apply binary classification to distinguish between real and fake dollar bills, use multiclass classification to decide who threw which dart at a dart board, learn to use neural networks to reconstruct noisy images and much more. Additionally, you will learn how to better control your models during training and how to tune them to boost their performance.

Learn to start developing deep learning models with Keras.

Learn how to develop your own deep learning models with Keras by learning regression, neural networks, visualizations, binary and multiclass classification

Introduction to Deep Learning with Keras

Software is constantly evolving, so data scientists need a way to update the software they are using without breaking things that already work.  Conda is an open source, cross-platform tool for managing packages and working environments for many different programming languages.  This course explains how to use its core features to manage your software so that you and your colleagues can reproduce your working environments reliably with minimum effort.

Learn how to easily manage your software using conda. 

Conda Essentials

As a data scientist, you'll often find that the data you need is not in a single file. It may be spread across a number of text files, spreadsheets, or databases. You’ll want to be able to import the data you’re interested in as a collection of DataFrames and combine them to answer your central questions. This course is all about the act of combining—or merging—DataFrames, an essential part of any data scientist's toolbox. You'll hone your pandas skills by learning how to organize, reshape, and aggregate multiple datasets to answer your specific questions.

This course is all about the act of combining, or merging, DataFrames, an essential part your Data Scientist's toolbox. 

Hone your pandas skills by learning how to organize, reshape, and aggregate multiple data sets to answer your specific questions.

Merging DataFrames with pandas

Every day you read about the amazing breakthroughs in how the newest applications of machine learning are changing the world. Often this reporting glosses over the fact that a huge amount of data munging and feature engineering must be done before any of these fancy models can be used. In this course, you will learn how to do just that. You will work with Stack Overflow Developers survey, and historic US presidential inauguration addresses, to understand how best to preprocess and engineer features from categorical, continuous, and unstructured data. This course will give you hands-on experience on how to prepare any data for your own machine learning models.

Create new features to improve the performance of your Machine Learning models. 

Learn to prepare data for machine learning models by exploring how to preprocess and engineer features from categorical, continuous, and unstructured data.

Feature Engineering for Machine Learning in Python

High-dimensional datasets can be overwhelming and leave you not knowing where to start. Typically, you’d visually explore a new dataset first, but when you have too many dimensions the classical approaches will seem insufficient. Fortunately, there are visualization techniques designed specifically for high dimensional data and you’ll be introduced to these in this course. After exploring the data, you’ll often find that many features hold little information because they don’t show any variance or because they are duplicates of other features. You’ll learn how to detect these features and drop them from the dataset so that you can focus on the informative ones. In a next step, you might want to build a model on these features, and it may turn out that some don’t have any effect on the thing you’re trying to predict. You’ll learn how to detect and drop these irrelevant features too, in order to reduce dimensionality and thus complexity. Finally, you’ll learn how feature extraction techniques can reduce dimensionality for you through the calculation of uncorrelated principal components.

Understand the concept of reducing dimensionality in your data, and master the techniques to do so in Python.

Learn to reduce dimensionality in Python by detecting these features and dropping them from the dataset so that you can focus on the informative ones.

Dimensionality Reduction in Python

In this course, you will learn techniques that will allow you to extract useful information from text and process them into a format suitable for applying ML models. More specifically, you will learn about POS tagging, named entity recognition, readability scores, the n-gram and tf-idf models, and how to implement them using scikit-learn and spaCy. You will also learn to compute how similar two documents are to each other.  In the process, you will predict the sentiment of movie reviews and build movie and Ted Talk recommenders. Following the course, you will be able to engineer critical features out of any text and solve some of the most challenging problems in data science!

Learn techniques to extract useful information from text and process them into a format suitable for machine learning.

Learn the techniques in Python to extract useful information from text and process them into a format suitable for applying to machine learning models.

Feature Engineering for NLP in Python

Building powerful machine learning models depends heavily on the set of hyperparameters used. But with increasingly complex models with lots of options, how do you efficiently find the best settings for your particular problem? In this course you will get practical experience in using some common methodologies for automated hyperparameter tuning in Python using Scikit Learn. These include Grid Search, Random Search & advanced optimization methodologies including Bayesian & Genetic algorithms . You will use a dataset predicting credit card defaults as you build skills to dramatically increase the efficiency and effectiveness of your machine learning model building.

Gain practical experience in using some common methodologies for automated hyperparameter tuning in Python, including Grid, Random and Informed Search.

Hyperparameter Tuning in Python

The Unix command line has survived and thrived for almost 50 years because it lets people do complex things with just a few keystrokes. Sometimes called "the universal glue of programming," it helps users combine existing programs in new ways, automate repetitive tasks, and run programs on clusters and clouds that may be halfway around the world. This course will introduce its key elements and show you how to use them efficiently.

The Unix command line helps users combine existing programs in new ways, automate repetitive tasks, and run programs on clusters and clouds. 

Discover the Unix command line and how to use it to combine existing programs, automate repetitive tasks, and run programs on clusters and clouds in Shell.

Introduction to Shell

Deep learning methods use data to train neural network algorithms to do a variety of machine learning tasks, such as classification of different classes of objects. Convolutional neural networks are deep learning algorithms that are particularly powerful for analysis of images. This course will teach you how to construct, train and evaluate convolutional neural networks. You will also learn how to improve their ability to learn from data, and how to interpret the results of the training.

Learn powerful techniques for image analysis in Python using deep learning and convolutional neural networks in Keras.

Learn to construct, train and evaluate convolutional neural networks and improve their ability to learn from data to conduct image analysis using Keras.

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