Data Analysis Tutorials

Discover how propensity scores help minimize confounding in observational research, with detailed applications in real-world studies.

Explore the fundamentals of eigendecomposition and its applications in data science and machine learning.

Learn step-by-step techniques to handle INDEX MATCH with multiple criteria in Excel. Include helper columns to simplify your lookups, or else apply array formulas for complex data retrieval.

Gain confidence in OLS regression by mastering its theoretical foundation. Explore how to perform simple implementations in Excel, R, and Python.

Remove unnecessary spaces, including leading, trailing, and extra spaces, to keep your data clear. This guide covers TRIM(), SUBSTITUTE(), and CLEAN() functions, plus practical tips to ensure spreadsheets remain accurate and easy to work with.

Discover how to handle complex criteria in a single formula. Elevate your reporting in a way that saves time and effort and reduces mistakes.

Learn how to use the demand curve to reveal a relationship between price and quantity sold, and use this knowledge to guide smarter decisions in competitive markets. Explore methods to find the optimal price to maximize overall revenue.

Discover how to enhance your data analysis with the Excel slicer. Learn advanced techniques to build dynamic dashboards and streamline your workflow.

Discover how the harmonic mean handles rates and ratios in data science and finance. Learn its calculation methods and when to use it for more accurate analysis.

Learn how to detect multicollinearity in regression models using the variance inflation factor (VIF), a key diagnostic tool. This tutorial explains how VIF is calculated, how to interpret its values, and techniques for addressing high VIF to improve the reliability of your regression modeling.

From ancient Egyptian builders to modern data science, discover how a^² + b^² = c^² revolutionized mathematics and continues to shape our technological world.

Discover how Q-Q plots are a useful visual method to assess normality. Compare observed data to a theoretical distribution like the normal distribution to highlight deviations. Learn to diagnose model fit.