课程

Python 假设检验

中级技能水平

更新时间 2025年12月

了解如何以及何时在 Python 中使用常见假设检验，如 t 检验、比例检验和卡方检验。

免费开始课程

PythonProbability & Statistics

4小时

15 视频

50 道练习

3,750 XP

59,101

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课程描述

假设检验能以统计上严格的方法回答关于数据集的问题。在本课程中，您将提升 Python 分析技能，学习何时以及如何使用常见检验方法，如 t 检验、比例检验和卡方检验。借助真实世界数据（包括 Stack Overflow 用户反馈和医用物资运输的供应链数据），您将深入理解这些检验的工作原理及其关键前提假设。您还将了解如何使用非参数检验，突破传统假设检验的局限。视频包含实时字幕，您可以点击视频左下角的 "Show transcript" 显示字幕。课程术语表位于右侧的资源部分。若要获得 CPE 学分，您需要完成课程并在合格测评中达到 70% 的得分。您可以点击右侧的 CPE 学分提示进入测评。

先决条件

Sampling in Python

1

Hypothesis Testing Fundamentals

How does hypothesis testing work and what problems can it solve? To find out, you’ll walk through the workflow for a one sample proportion test. In doing so, you'll encounter important concepts like z-scores, p-values, and false negative and false positive errors.

Hypothesis tests and z-scores

Uses of A/B testing

Calculating the sample mean

Calculating a z-score

Criminal trials and hypothesis tests

Left tail, right tail, two tails

Calculating p-values

Statistical significance

Decisions from p-values

Calculating a confidence interval

Type I and type II errors

2

Two-Sample and ANOVA Tests

In this chapter, you’ll learn how to test for differences in means between two groups using t-tests and extend this to more than two groups using ANOVA and pairwise t-tests.

Performing t-tests

Hypothesis testing workflow

Two sample mean test statistic

Calculating p-values from t-statistics

Why is t needed?

The t-distribution

From t to p

Paired t-tests

Is pairing needed?

Visualizing the difference

Using ttest()

ANOVA tests

Visualizing many categories

Conducting an ANOVA test

Pairwise t-tests

3

Proportion Tests

Now it’s time to test for differences in proportions between two groups using proportion tests. Through hands-on exercises, you’ll extend your proportion tests to more than two groups with chi-square independence tests, and return to the one sample case with chi-square goodness of fit tests.

One-sample proportion tests

t for proportions?

Test for single proportions

Two-sample proportion tests

Test of two proportions

proportions_ztest() for two samples

Chi-square test of independence

The chi-square distribution

How many tails for chi-square tests?

Performing a chi-square test

Chi-square goodness of fit tests

Visualizing goodness of fit

Performing a goodness of fit test

4

Non-Parametric Tests

Finally, it’s time to learn about the assumptions made by parametric hypothesis tests, and see how non-parametric tests can be used when those assumptions aren't met.

Assumptions in hypothesis testing

Common assumptions of hypothesis tests

Testing sample size

Non-parametric tests

Which parametric test?

Wilcoxon signed-rank test

Non-parametric ANOVA and unpaired t-tests

Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney

Kruskal-Wallis

Congratulations!

Python 假设检验

课程完成

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